Tree Damage to Built Structures

Trees can affect buildings and structures in different ways, primarily through subsidence and direct root damage. While both involve tree roots, they are distinct processes with different causes and solutions.

Subsidence

Tree-related subsidence occurs when tree roots extract moisture from clay soils, causing the ground to contract and move. This movement can lead to structural damage in buildings, particularly in properties with shallow foundations. Symptoms often include cracks in walls, doors and windows sticking, and uneven floors. Subsidence is most common in areas with clay soils and is influenced by tree species, soil type, and seasonal weather patterns.

Direct root damage

Direct damage occurs when tree roots physically displace structures such as walls and pavements. Unlike subsidence, this type of damage is caused by direct pressure on structures from root growth rather than seasonal soil movement. While tree roots do not exert enough force to lift the foundations of houses and other large buildings, they can displace and cause damage to light structures. Typically, damage is more significant the closer a structure is to a tree, where the main stem or larger roots increase in diameter more rapidly. Symptoms include cracked driveways, lifted paving slabs, and displaced garden walls.

Managing tree damage to structures

Understanding the differences between these two types of damage is essential for effective management. If tree-related subsidence is suspected, soil investigations and monitoring may be necessary before taking action. In contrast, direct root damage can often be managed through root pruning, installation of root barriers, or engineering solutions. Consulting a qualified arboricultural expert can help determine the best course of action. Please get in touch to discuss how we might be able to help.